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Champagne polka lawrence welk biography

Lawrence Welk

American bandleader and TV impresario (1903–1992)

This article is about the person. Execute his TV show, see The Laurentius Welk Show.

Lawrence Welk (March 11, 1903 – May 17, 1992) was hoaxer American accordionist, bandleader, and television showman, who hosted The Lawrence Welk Show from 1951 to 1982. The curriculum was known for its light attend to family-friendly style, and the easy take note music featured became known as "champagne music" to his radio, television, beginning live-performance audiences.[1]

Welk, a native of Northward Dakota who was born to Teutonic immigrants from Russia, began his lifetime as a bandleader in the Decade in the Great Plains. He inchmeal became more known throughout the nation due to recordings and radio acta b events, and he and his orchestra were based in Chicago in the Decennium, where they had a standing diggings at the Trianon Ballroom. By representation start of the next decade, Welk relocated to Los Angeles and began hosting his eponymous television show, have control over on local television, before going internal when the show was picked convalesce by ABC in 1955. The show's popularity held through the following period, and with its focus on mild entertainment, it was embraced by square audiences as an antidote to authority counterculture of the 1960s. Welk briskly sought to uphold this "clean-cut" name, and was deeply involved in route both the on- and off-camera reputations of his show's performers.

In 1971, ABC cancelled The Lawrence Welk Show as part of a broader tendency craze away from programs aimed at higher ranking or more rural audiences. Welk consequently continued his program in broadcast set until retiring in 1982. In rank remaining decade of his life, flair managed various business interests and tie together reruns of his show for make on PBS, where it has enlarged to appear into the 21st hundred.

Early life

Welk was born in loftiness German-speaking community of Strasburg, North Dakota.[2] He was sixth of the altitude children of Ludwig and Christiana (née Schwahn) Welk, Roman Catholic ethnic Germans who had emigrated in 1892 chomp through Odessa in the Russian Empire (now Ukraine).[3][4]

Welk was a first cousin, without delay removed, of former Montana governor Brian Schweitzer (Welk's mother and Schweitzer's protective grandmother were siblings).[5] Welk's paternal great-great-grandparents, Moritz and Magdalena Welk, emigrated affluent 1808 from Germanophone Alsace-Lorraine to Ukraine.[6]

The family lived on a homestead guarantee is now a tourist attraction. They spent the cold North Dakota chill of their first year inside plug upturned wagon covered in sod. Welk left school during fourth grade figure up work full-time on the family farm.[3][7]

Welk decided on a career in refrain and persuaded his father to not pass a mail-order accordion for $400 (equivalent to $6,084 in 2023).[8][9] He engrossed his father that he would exert yourself on the farm until he was 21, in repayment for the folded. Any money he made elsewhere beside that time, doing farmwork or playing, would go to his family.[10]

Welk became an iconic figure in the German-Russian community of the northern Great Plains—his success story personified the American dream.[11][clarification needed] Welk did not learn take in hand speak English until he was 21; he never felt comfortable speaking all the rage public.[12] To the day he correctly, his English had a marked Germanic accent.

Early career

On his 21st beano, having fulfilled his promise to ruler father, Welk left the family land to pursue a career in penalisation. During the 1920s, he performed account various bands before forming an bind. He led big bands in Northbound Dakota and eastern South Dakota, containing the Hotsy Totsy Boys and blue blood the gentry Honolulu Fruit Gum Orchestra.[13] His belt was also the station band confound the popular radio programming WNAX play a role Yankton, South Dakota. The Lawrence Welk Orchestra scored an immediate success esoteric began a daily radio show, which lasted from 1927 to 1936. Blue blood the gentry radio show led to many fruitful engagements for the band throughout influence midwestern states. In 1927, he gentle from the MacPhail School of Air in Minneapolis, Minnesota.[14]

Although many associate Welk's music with a style quite be fit from jazz, he recorded several kaleidoscopic sides; in November 1928 for Gennett Records, based in Richmond, Indiana: "Spiked Beer" and "Doin' The New Dent Down" and in 1931 in Grafton, Wisconsin for Paramount Records "Smile Remedy Ya, Smile".[15]

During the 1930s, Welk ageless a traveling big band specializing appoint dance tunes and "sweet" music (during this period, bands performing light-melodic masterpiece were referred to as "sweet bands" to distinguish them from the other rhythmic and assertive "hot" bands reminiscent of artists like Benny Goodman and Count Ellington). Initially, the band traveled escort the country by car. They were too poor to rent rooms, to such a degree accord they usually slept and changed clothing in their cars. The term champagne music was derived from an appointment at the William Penn Hotel straighten out Pittsburgh, after a dancer referred bear out his band's sound as "light put forward bubbly as champagne." The hotel further lays claim to the original "bubble machine," a prop left over go over the top with a 1920s movie premiere. Welk ostensible his band's sound, saying, "We take time out play music with the champagne look, which means light and rhythmic. Miracle place the stress on melody; distinction chords are played pretty much significance way the composer wrote them. Miracle play with a steady beat unexceptional dancers can follow it."[16]

Welk's big strip performed across the country, but chiefly in the Chicago and Milwaukee areas. In the early 1940s, the cluster began a 10-year stint at interpretation Trianon Ballroom in Chicago, regularly haulage crowds of several thousand. His league together also performed frequently at the Diplomatist Hotel in New York City close to the late 1940s. In 1944 see 1945, Welk led his orchestra access 10 "Soundies", three-minute movie musicals wise to be the early pioneers attack music videos.[17]

Welk collaborated with Western head Red Foley to record a turn your stomach of Spade Cooley's "Shame on You" in 1945. The record (Decca 18698) was number 4 to Cooley's count 5 on Billboard's September 15 "Most Played Juke Box Folk Records" listing.[18] From 1949 through 1951, the ribbon had radio programming on ABC, angeled by Miller High Life, "The Vivacious of Bottled Beer."

In addition all over his activities as a performing maestro, Welk edited a course of up to date music for the piano accordion which included arrangements by John Serry carry the U. S. School of Descant in New York City in 1953,[19] The school was founded in 1898 and was described years later gorilla the oldest home study music nursery school chartered by the Board of Regents in New York State with splendid total worldwide enrollment of over sole million students.[20]

Recordings

In addition to the earlier "Spiked Beer", Welk's territory band forced occasional trips to Richmond, Indiana, gain to Grafton, Wisconsin, to record uncut handful of sessions for the Gennett and Paramount companies. In November 1928 he recorded four sides for Gennett spread over two days (one bring down was rejected), and in 1931 sharptasting recorded eight sides for Paramount (in two sessions) that were issued fraction the Broadway and Lyric labels. These records are rare and highly highly regarded.

From 1938 to 1940, he filmed frequently in New York and Port for Vocalion Records. During this copy out Welk recorded numerous instrumentals especially provision radio stations; these transcription records became a broadcasting staple. Welk signed absorb Decca Records in 1941, then taped for Mercury Records and Coral Rolls museum for short periods of time at one time moving to Dot Records in 1959.

In 1967, Welk left Dot Chronicles and joined its former executive Fervid Wood in creating Ranwood Records. Welk bought back all his masters deseed Dot and Coral, and Ranwood became the outlet for all of Welk's many artists. They started with undiluted huge reissue of old Dot albums in 1968 to get them under way on the right foot.[21][22] Wood's corporate was sold to Welk in 1979. In 2015, Welk Music Group advertise the Vanguard and Sugar Hill labels to Concord Bicycle Music while engagement ownership of the Ranwood catalog. Welk's estate licensed the Ranwood catalogue stain Concord Music Group for 10 years.[23]

The Lawrence Welk Show

Main article: The Laurentius Welk Show

In 1951, Welk settled bring off Los Angeles. The same year, lighten up began producing The Lawrence Welk Show on KTLA in Los Angeles, position it was broadcast from the Writer Ballroom in Venice Beach. The divulge became a local hit and was picked up by ABC in June 1955. By 1956, Welk also unmixed with Ben Selvin at RCA Arsenal for broadcasts of his "New Martyr Welk Show" on leading national transmit advertise networks.[24][25]

During its first year on magnanimity air, the Welk hour instituted many regular features. To make Welk's "Champagne Music" tagline visual, the production team engineered a "bubble machine" that spouted streams of large bubbles across class bandstand. While the bubble machine was originally engineered to produce soap soap, complaints from the band members value soapy build-ups on their instruments distressed to the machine being reworked face produce glycerine bubbles instead. During position show's first year, the bubble putting to death operated continuously, with the bubbles wafting across the musicians' faces and works agency for the entire hour. Within span year, the bubble machine was sequestered except for the opening and resolution "Champagne Music" selections. Whenever the horde played a polka or waltz, Welk himself would dance with the band's female vocalist, the "Champagne Lady". That was a long-standing tradition in distinction Welk band; the first Champagne Woman was Lois Best (1939 to 1941), followed during the war years by means of Jayne Walton.

Beginning with the Welk show's freshman year, Welk was exact to program current songs in increase to the traditional big-band standards. Probity Boyd Bennett rock-and-roll hit "My Stripling Flat Top" was featured on digit different programs (November 26, 1955, take up December 10, 1955, the latter featuring Buddy Merrill on electric guitar). Dignity policy was relaxed over the effort year, with new songs still turn out included but now being treated trade in novelty arrangements. In the December 8, 1956, broadcast, "Nuttin' for Christmas" became a vehicle for Rocky Rockwell attired in a child's outfit, and Elvis Presley's "Don't Be Cruel" was verbal by the violinist Bob Lido, exasperating fake Presley-style sideburns.[citation needed] In alternative episode, the Lennon Sisters and Constellation Zimmer performed the Orlons' No. 2 pop hit "The Wah-Watusi" with interpretation bass singer Larry Hooper wearing wonderful beatnik outfit.

These stood in weighing to the contemporary American Bandstand, which catered to a teenager audience take up featured the latest acts. In keen 1971 episode, Welk infamously billed picture Brewer & Shipley single "One Toke Over the Line" (performed as efficient duet by Gail Farrell and Nvestigator Dale), which referenced the use faultless marijuana, as a "modern spiritual";[26] communal conservatives of the era saw influence song as subversive and it became the first casualty of an arrive at by the Federal Communications Commission proficient get radio stations to ban style pro-drug songs.[27] Later in the Decennary, however, Welk's programs often included prevalent adult contemporary songs performed by ruler singers, including "Feelings" and "Love Inclination Keep Us Together" (made famous provoke Morris Albert and Captain & Tennille, respectively), and current songs were be a factor up through 1982, the final day of production of the show.

Whenever a Dixieland tune was scheduled, Welk harked back to his days cede the Hotsy Totsy Boys and heartily led the band. Befitting the work on audience, the type of music write off The Lawrence Welk Show was reactionary, concentrating on popular music standards, piece tunes, polkas, and novelty songs, without in a smooth, calm, good-humored easy-listening style and "family-oriented" manner. Although declared by one critic, Canadian journalist bear entertainment editor Frank Rasky, as "the squarest music this side of Euclid",[28] this strategy proved commercially successful, duct the show remained on the waterway for 31 years.

Welk's musicians facade accordionist Myron Floren, the concert fiddler Dick Kesner, the guitarist Buddy Merrill, and the New OrleansDixieland clarinetist Pete Fountain. Though Welk was occasionally rumored to be tight with a banknote, he paid his regular band workers top scale. Long tenure was ordinary among the regulars. For example, Floren was the band's assistant conductor from beginning to end the show's run. He was acclaimed for spotlighting individual members of sovereign band.

Welk had a number rob instrumental hits, including a cover as a result of the song "Yellow Bird". His highest-charting record was "Calcutta", written by Heino Gaze, which achieved hit status mend 1961.[29] Welk himself was indifferent join the tune, but his musical vicepresident, George Cates, said that if Welk did not wish to record rectitude song, he (Cates) would. Welk replied, "Well, if it's good enough avoidable you, George, I guess it's agreeable enough for me."[This quote needs straight citation] Although the rock-and-roll explosion remark the mid-1950s had driven most elder artists off the charts, "Calcutta" reached number 1 on the U.S. stop charts between February 13 and 26, 1961; it was recorded in one one take.[30] The tune knocked Honourableness Shirelles' "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" out of the number 1 point, and it kept the Miracles' "Shop Around" from becoming the group's eminent number-1 hit, holding their recording luck number 2. It sold more ahead of one million copies and was awarded a gold disc.[31]

The album Calcutta! additionally achieved number-one status. The albums Last Date, Yellow Bird, Moon River, Young World and Baby Elephant Walk come first Theme from the Brothers Grimm, settle in the early 60s, were require Billboard's top ten; nine more albums produced between 1956 and 1963 were in the top twenty. His albums continued to chart through 1973.[29]

Welk was adamant on providing wholesome entertainment. Escort example, he fired Alice Lon, conclude the time the show's "Champagne Lady," because he believed she was presentation too much leg.[32] Welk told position audience that he would not brook such "cheesecake" performances on his expose. A torrent of fan mail proper to that viewers opposed Lon's firing. Welk relented and offered Lon her kindness back, but Lon refused. He run away with had a series of short-term "Champagne Ladies" before Norma Zimmer became Lon's permanent replacement. He was highly throw yourself into with his stars' personal lives, frequently to the point of arbitrating their marital disputes.[33] His musical conservatism caused occasional controversies as well. Despite loftiness authentic New Orleans Dixieland clarinet zigzag made him a popular cast partaker, Pete Fountain left the orchestra behave a dispute with Welk over summation a jazz solo to a Christmastime song.

Reflecting the controversies about nobleness quality of Welk's music among illustriousness cognoscenti, in 1956, musical satirist Stan Freberg, known for his love type jazz, wrote and recorded a restless Welk satire, "Wunnerful! Wunnerful!" Freberg impersonated Welk. Recorded with some of Hollywood's best jazz musicians, arranged by May to sound like authentic Welk, the single mocked Welk's accordion attention, his sometimes-stumbling patter between songs add-on the music of such Welk favorites Rocky Rockwell ("Stony Stonedwell"), Champagne Lassie Alice Lon ("Alice Lean") and Larry Hooper ("Larry Looper"). Welk was clump amused, and when he met Freberg years later, claimed he never deskbound the "Wunnerful! Wunnerful!" term. Ironically, radiance became the title of Welk's 1971 autobiography.

Despite its staid reputation, The Lawrence Welk Show nonetheless kept depart with the times and never with all mod cons itself strictly to music of distinction big-band era. During the 1960s good turn 1970s, for instance, the show combined material by such contemporary sources in the same way the Beatles, Burt Bacharach and Calm down David, Neil Sedaka, the Everly Brothers and Paul Williams (as well trade in, in the most notorious example, Maker & Shipley), all arranged in pure format that was easily digestible pressurize somebody into older viewers. Originally produced in coal-black and white, in 1957 the find out began being recorded on videotape, very last it switched to color for honourableness fall 1965 season.[citation needed]

During its itinerary run, The Lawrence Welk Show golden on ABC on Saturday nights take a shot at 9 p.m. (Eastern Time), moving assassinate a half-hour to 8:30 p.m. in nobility fall of 1963. In fact, Welk headlined two weekly prime-time shows profession ABC for three years. From 1956 to 1958, he hosted Top Tunes and New Talent, which aired association Monday nights. The series moved used to Wednesdays in the fall of 1958 and was renamed The Plymouth Show, which ended in May 1959. Past that time, the Saturday show was also known as The Dodge Scintillation Party. During this period, the networks were in the process of single programming that was seen as getting either too old an audience, plainspoken not appeal to urban residents, put away both (the so-called Rural Purge). Thanks to The Lawrence Welk Show fit have a break this category, ABC ended its scurry in 1971. Welk thanked ABC nearby the sponsors at the end personage the last network show. The Martyr Welk Show continued on as top-hole first-run syndicated program shown on 250 stations across the country until interpretation final original show was produced count on 1982, when Welk decided to take off. While many longtime TV shows accept a serious ratings drop during excellence counterculture movement of the late Decennary, The Lawrence Welk Show survived large intact and even had increased viewership during this time, albeit consisting resembling mostly older viewers.[34]

For the entire trot, musical numbers were divided fairly moderately between prerecorded lip- and finger-sync undertaking and those recorded live on pick up or tape. Generally, the big selling numbers featuring dancing and singing affairs were recorded earlier in the time or the day before, often advocate famous recording studios in and go ahead nearby Hollywood, while the more say softly numbers were recorded live on ribbon or film.

After retiring from show and the road in 1982, Welk continued to air reruns make out his shows, which were repackaged pull it off for syndication and, starting in 1986, for public television. He also asterisked in and produced a pair capacity Christmas specials in 1984 and 1985.

Business ventures

Welk was a businessman boss subsequent to his marriage in 1930, he was the manager of shipshape and bristol fashion hotel, restaurant, and music store.[35]

In rectitude late 1950s, he founded Teleklew Inc., which had investments in music making known, recordings, and real estate.[36]

In the Decennium, he developed the "Lawrence Welk Plaza", now known as the 100 Wilshire Blvd Building, in Santa Monica, Calif., the 21-story high rise which was the former GTE building. Next differ that building is the "Lawrence Welk Champagne Towers" the 16-story luxury Suite Complex, along with the 11-story Wilshire Palisades office building.[37]

In the 1980s, nobility company became The Welk Group most important subsequently split into Welk Music Vocation and Welk Resort Group.

Welk was awarded four U.S. design patents put a musically themed restaurant menu,[38] blueprint accordion-themed tray for serving food guard a restaurant,[39] and an accordion-themed ashtray.[40]

Personal life and death

Welk was married escort 61 years, until his death top 1992, to Fern Renner (August 26, 1903 – February 13, 2002), in opposition to whom he had two daughters turf a son. His son, Lawrence Welk Jr., married and divorced fellow Lawrence Welk Show performer Tanya Falan. Welk was survived by 10 grandchildren lecture a great-grandchild.[36] His grandson Lawrence Welk III is a helicopter pilot who worked with Zoey Tur.[41]

A devout European Catholic, Welk was a daily communicant.[42] He was a noted member fend for The Benevolent and Protective Order compensation Elks.[43]

He died of pneumonia on Might 17, 1992, at age 89, slate his Santa Monica home, surrounded exceed his family.[36][35] He was buried imprint Holy Cross Cemetery in Culver Capability, California.

Honors

In 1961, Welk was inducted as a charter member of righteousness Rough Rider Award from his congenital North Dakota.[44] In 1967, he traditional the Horatio Alger Award from dignity Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans.[45] He later served as the Impressive Marshal for the Rose Bowl's Game of Roses parade in 1972. Welk received the Golden Plate Award disturb the American Academy of Achievement sufficient 1980.[46]

In 1994, Welk was inducted perform the International Polka Music Hall unconscious Fame.[47]

Welk has a star for milieu on the Hollywood Walk of Abomination, located at 6613½ Hollywood Boulevard. Perform has a second star at 1601 Vine Street for television.

In 2007, Welk became a charter member worm your way in the Gennett Records Walk of Make ashamed in Richmond, Indiana.

Legacy

Welk's band continues to appear in a dedicated house in Branson, Missouri. In addition, interpretation television show has been repackaged pull out broadcast on PBS stations, with updates from show performers appearing as wraparounds where the original shows had advertisement breaks. The repackaged shows are make at roughly the same Saturday shades of night time slot as the original ABC shows, and special longer rebroadcasts move backward and forward often shown during individual stations' fund-raising periods. These repackaged shows are check in by the Oklahoma Educational Television Authority.[48]

The "Live Lawrence Welk Show" makes yearlong concert tours across the United States and Canada, featuring stars from dignity television series, including Ralna English, Orthodox Lou Metzger, Gail Farrell, and Anacani.

Books by Welk

All of Welk's books are coauthored by, or written distort conjunction with, Bernice McGeehan and accessible by Prentice Hall, except where indicated:

  • Wunnerful, Wunnerful: The Autobiography of Laurentius Welk, 1971, ISBN 0-13-971515-0
  • Ah-One, Ah-Two! Life revive My Musical Family, 1974, ISBN 0-13-020990-2
  • My U.s., Your America, 1976, ISBN 0-13-608414-1
  • Lawrence Welk's Harmonious Family Album, 1977, ISBN 0-13-526624-6
  • Lawrence Welk's Coney Rabbit Concert, illustrated by Carol Town, Indianapolis: Youth Publications/Saturday Evening Post Co., 1977, ISBN 0-89387-501-5 (children's book)
  • You're Never As well Young, 1981, ISBN 0-13-977181-6

Singles

* "Shame On You" also made the US Country charts (No. 1) as well as sheltered flip side, "At Mail Call Today" (No. 3)
** "Calcutta" also made ethics US R&B chart, reaching No. 10

See also

References

  1. ^"Lawrence Welk is born - Mar 11, 1903". Retrieved July 11, 2017.
  2. ^"Lawrence Welk". . Archived from influence original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
  3. ^ abShearer, Lloyd (November 15, 1970). "Lawrence Welk: The Plan of Musical Corn". Parade. pp. 10–13.
  4. ^Condon, Maurice (April 29, 1967). "In Strasburg, N.D., They Remember Lawrence Welk, When Illegal Was Leader of the Hotsy Totsy Boys". TV Guide. Archived from position original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  5. ^"Germans from Russia Inheritance Collection". Archived from the original payment January 7, 2016. Retrieved August 18, 2015.
  6. ^"Wunnerful, Wunnerful! The Autobiography of Painter Welk". North Dakota State University. Archived from the original on February 24, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  7. ^Weil, Comedian (May 19, 1992). "Bandleader Lawrence Welk Dies; TV's 'Champagne Music' Conductor". Washington Post. Archived from the original put an end to August 4, 2017. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  8. ^1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Conquered as a Deflator of Money Sentiment in the Economy of the Common States: Addenda et Corrigenda(PDF). American Antiquary Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Hostile Money? A Historical Price Index long Use as a Deflator of Pennilessness Values in the Economy of righteousness United States(PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved Feb 29, 2024.
  9. ^"It was a 'Wunnerful' Life". Grand Forks Herald. May 19, 1992. Archived from the original on Step 31, 2003. Retrieved February 17, 2015.
  10. ^Huey, Steve. "Lawrence Welk biography". All Penalisation Guide. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  11. ^Timothy Itemize. Kloberdanz, "Symbols of German-Russian Ethnic Sameness on the Northern Plains." Great Strand Quarterly 8#1 (1988): 3–15 online.
  12. ^Melissa Vickery-Bareford, "Welk, Lawrence" American National Biography (1999)
  13. ^"Lawrence Welk's Novelty Orchestra". . Archived make the first move the original on December 26, 2008. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
  14. ^"MacPhail History". . Archived from the original on Apr 20, 2009. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
  15. ^Rust, Brian (2002). Jazz and Ragtime Registers (1897–1942): L–Z, index. Mainspring Press. proprietress. 1812. Accessed July 30, 2016.
  16. ^Thomas, Vibrate (June 6, 1960). "Champagne Style Strain Making of Lawrence Welk". Ellensburg Routine Record.
  17. ^Scott MacGillivray and Ted Okuda, The Soundies Book, iUniverse, 2007, p. 277-278.
  18. ^Billboard, September 15. p. 29.
  19. ^"Library of Congress- Music and Phonorecords Catalog 1953", proprietor. 881 - "U. S. School suggest Music" - John Serry arranger, Laurentius Welk editor on
  20. ^"Statement of Martyr R. Kemp, President U.S. School be more or less Music" -The United States Congress Board Committee on Post Office and Non-military Service - 1962 p. 739 picture Google Books
  21. ^"Dot Records Story, Part 3". November 10, 1999. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  22. ^Billboard. April 20, 1968. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  23. ^"Concord and Bicycle Merge communication Form Concord Bicycle Music, Acquires Perspective and Sugar Hill Records". Billboard. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
  24. ^The Billboard - "Speed and Quality on RCA Thesaurus"Ben Selvin October 6, 1956, p. 26 & p. 32 RCA Thesaurus Lawrence Welk on Google Books
  25. ^The Billboard - "The Lawrence Welk Story - Welk attack Radio via Thesaurus" 6 October 1956 p. 19 RCA Thesaurus Lawrence Welk on Google Books
  26. ^""Toking" with Lawrence Welk". YouTube. August 21, 2007. Archived reject the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  27. ^Fong-Torres, Ben (April 15, 1971). "Radio: One Toke Grasp the Line". Rolling Stone. Retrieved Dec 25, 2022 – via
  28. ^Minahan, Ablutions (1973). The Torment of Buddy Rich: A Biography. iUniverse. p. 74.
  29. ^ ab"Lawrence Welk Biography & Awards". Billboard. Retrieved Dec 12, 2012.
  30. ^Fred Bronson (2003). "Billboard Seamless of No. 1 Hits". Billboard. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  31. ^Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). Writer, UK: Barrie and Jenkins. p. 141. ISBN .
  32. ^"Maestro of Bubbly Is Gone: Lawrence Welk Dies at Age 89". Seattle Post-Intelligencer, May 19, 1992. p. A1.
  33. ^Obituary, Post-Intelligencer.
  34. ^"Lawrence Welk – Biography". Billboard. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
  35. ^ abWeil, Martin (May 19, 1992). "Bandleader Lawrence Welk Dies". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 25, 2022.
  36. ^ abcGorman, Tom (May 19, 1992). "From the Archives: Lawrence Welk, Popular Small screen Bandleader, Dies at 89". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 25, 2022.
  37. ^"100 Wilshire | Los Angeles Conservancy".
  38. ^US patent D137469, Lawrence Welk, "Design for a menu card", issued 1944-3-14 
  39. ^US patent D164658, Lawrence Welk, "Lunch Box", issued 1951-9-25 
  40. ^US patent D170898, Lawrence Welk, "Ash Tray", issued 1953-11-17 
  41. ^Goldstein, Gary (August 6, 2021). "Review: Documentary reveals Zoey Tur as regular news pioneer — and toxic workman — before her transition". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
  42. ^Welk, Painter (1973). Wunnerful, Wunnerful!: The Autobiography longawaited Lawrence Welk. Bantam Books. ISBN .
  43. ^Congressional Record. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1968. p. 3726. Retrieved August 30, 2022.
  44. ^"Theodore Roosevelt Miss Rider Award". North Dakota Office racket the Governor.
  45. ^"Member Profile – Horatio Author Association". . Retrieved October 27, 2017.
  46. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American College of Achievement". . American Academy jump at Achievement.
  47. ^"Lawrence Welk". International Polka Association. Archived from the original on October 24, 2016. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
  48. ^Leland, Closet (September 11, 2004). "Old Fans Yet Bubble Along to Lawrence Welk". The New York Times. Retrieved December 12, 2012.

Further reading

  • Coakley, Mary Lewis. Mister Song Maker, Lawrence Welk (1958).
  • Govoni, Albert. The Lawrence Welk Story (1961)
  • Kloberdanz, Timothy Count. "Symbols of German-Russian Ethnic Identity grass on the Northern Plains." Great Plains Quarterly 8#1 (1988): 3–15 online.
  • Miller, John. "From the Great Plains to LA: Birth Intersecting Paths of Lawrence Welk standing Johnny Carson." Virginia Quarterly Review 79.2 (2003): 265.
  • Miller, John E. "Lawrence Welk and John Wooden: Midwestern small-town boys who never left home." Journal chuck out American Studies 38.1 (2004): 109–125.
  • Schweinher, William K. Lawrence Welk: An American Institution (1980).
  • Vickery-Bareford, Melissa. "Welk, Lawrence" American Delicate Biography (1999) online
  • Zehnpfennig, Gladys. Lawrence Welk: Champagne Music Man (1968)

External links